|
The Coral Triangle is a geographical term so named as it refers to a roughly triangular area of the tropical marine waters of Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands and Timor-Leste that contain at least 500 species of reef-building corals in each ecoregion.〔Veron et al. Unpublished data〕 This region encompasses portions of two biogeographic regions: the Indonesian-Philippines Region, and the Far Southwestern Pacific Region.〔Veron, J.E.N. 1995. Corals in space and time: biogeography and evolution of the Scleractinia. UNSW Press, Sydney, Australia: xiii + 321 pp. 〕 The Coral Triangle is recognized as the global centre of marine biodiversity〔Allen, G. R. 2007 Conservation hotspots of biodiversity and endemism for Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes. Aquatic Conserv: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 〕 and a global priority for conservation.〔Briggs, J. C. 2005a. The marine East Indies: diversity and speciation. ''Journal of Biogeography'' 32: 1517-1522〕 It also called the "Amazon of the seas" and covers 5.7 million square kilometers of ocean waters. Its biological resources sustain the lives of over 120 million people. According to the (Coral Triangle Knowledge Network ), about $3 billion in fisheries exports and another $3 billion in coastal tourism revenues are derived as annual foreign exchange income in the region. The WWF considers the region a top priority for marine conservation, and the organization is addressing the threats it faces through its Coral Triangle Program,〔(WWF Coral Triangle Program )〕 launched in 2007. ==Biodiversity== More than 3,000 species of fish live in the Coral Triangle, including the largest fish - the whale shark, and the coelacanth. It also provides habitat to six out of the world's seven marine turtle species. The large area and extraordinary range of habitats and environmental conditions have played a major role in maintaining the staggering biodiversity of the Coral Triangle.〔The Nature Conservancy. Coral Triangle Facts, Figures, and Calculations: Part II: Patterns of Biodiversity and Endemism, December 16, 2008〕 File:Acropora latistella (Table coral).jpg|Table coral ''Acropora latistella'' File:Pink soft coral Nick Hobgood.jpg|Pink soft coral File:Nembrotha kubaryana.jpg|Nembrotha kubaryana File:Christmas tree worms.jpg|Christmas tree worms (''Spirobranchus giganteus'') File:Parrotfish turquoisse.jpg|Parrotfish File:Solenostomus paradoxus (Harlequin ghost pipefish).jpg|Harlequin ghost pipefish File:Anemone purple anemonefish.jpg|Anemonefish (''Amphiprion ocellaris'') File:White eyed moray eel.jpg|White-eyed moray eel (Gymnothorax thyrsoideus) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Coral Triangle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|